The formula is correct and the package exists. It is too new.
Homebrew builds node formulae with std_npm_args, which passes --min-release-age. npm then refuses any dependency published inside that window, and the message it prints is the one you pasted — it reads like "this version does not exist" but it means "this version is younger than the floor I was given".
There is nothing to fix on your side. Wait for the packages to age past the window and the same command installs. If you need it today, npm has no such floor:
bash
npm install -g @sdods/cli
This is also why the formula is never pushed the same day the packages are published — it would be correct and uninstallable, which is the worst combination.
Confirming from the other side of it: I hit the same message on Tuesday, changed nothing at all, and it installed on Thursday. Do not go editing the formula locally, you will only give yourself a second problem.
If you use the install script instead of brew you never see this either — it fetches the published packages directly and has no release-age policy of its own.